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Milia: What are they & How to Remove Them?
Apr 30, 2025

Milia: Causes, Differences, and Removal Tips

Milia are small, firm bumps often mistaken for whiteheads. This article explains the difference between milia and whiteheads, highlighting their causes and characteristics. Learn where milia typically appear and gain insights into effective removal methods for clearer skin.

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Fungal Acne: Causes, Symptoms & How to Treat It

Published at: Apr 8, 2025

What is Fungal Acne?

Fungal acne is an inflammatory skin condition caused by an overgrowth of a yeast called Malassezia furfur. This yeast is naturally present on the skin of most healthy individuals, typically residing on the back and shoulder areas. Under certain conditions, however, it can penetrate hair follicles, leading to infection and the appearance of acne-like bumps.

The Role of Malassezia Furfur

Malassezia furfur is not inherently harmful. It’s a part of your skin’s normal flora. However, when conditions favor its overgrowth, it can trigger an inflammatory response, leading to fungal acne. -Normal skin flora helps protect your skin from harmful pathogens by creating a barrier. -When out of balance, the normal flora can cause problems such as fungal acne. -The yeast naturally thrives in oily environments and feeds on the oil your body produces.

Differentiating Fungal Acne from Traditional Acne

While both fungal acne and traditional acne (acne vulgaris) manifest as blemishes, key differences exist. It is imperative to correctly assess the causes and symptoms of both to avoid prolonged discomfort. -Traditional acne is primarily caused by bacteria, excess oil production, and clogged pores. -Fungal acne, however, arises from a yeast overgrowth. -Traditional acne may present as whiteheads, blackheads, papules, pustules, nodules, or cysts while fungal acne usually appears as tiny, uniform red bumps all of a similar size.

Why Do You Get Fungal Acne?

Several factors can contribute to the overgrowth of Malassezia furfur, increasing the likelihood of developing fungal acne. Knowing these underlying causes can assist in treatment and preventive measures.

The Impact of Certain Medications

  • Steroids: These medications can suppress the immune system, reducing the body’s ability to fight off yeast overgrowth.
  • Immunosuppressants: Similar to steroids, these drugs weaken the immune response, making individuals more susceptible to fungal infections.
  • Antibiotics: By eliminating bacteria, antibiotics disrupt the delicate balance of microorganisms on the skin, creating an opportunity for yeast to flourish.

The Role of Underlying Conditions

Individuals with dandruff or seborrheic dermatitis, a skin condition characterized by an oily scalp and flaky skin, are more prone to fungal acne. The altered oil production associated with these conditions creates a favorable environment for yeast overgrowth.

Environmental Factors

Hot and humid climates can exacerbate yeast overgrowth. Excessive sweating provides a moist environment that promotes fungal proliferation, increasing the risk of fungal acne.

How Does Fungal Acne Look?

Accurate identification of fungal acne is crucial. Fungal acne may appear like small, uniform bumps with a similar size and shape. It most commonly occurs around the nose, forehead and mouth. Fungal Acne may look like a small pimple on the back or chest.

Fungal acne on different body locations

Uniform Blemishes

Unlike traditional acne, fungal acne typically presents as monomorphic lesions, meaning the blemishes are all similar in size, shape, and appearance.

Predominant Locations

Fungal acne often appears on the upper back, chest, shoulders, forehead, and along the hairline, areas that tend to be oilier and more prone to sweating.

Absence of Comedones

These are often present in acne, but not in fungal acne.

How To Treat Fungal Acne?

Treating Fungal acne requires a different approach to treating regular acne. Fungal acne requires the use of antifungals rather than antibacterial agents.

Treatment Options for Fungal Acne

Self-Care Strategies

  • Avoid Oils: Refrain from using oily skincare products or hair oils, as these can feed the yeast and worsen the condition.
  • Wear Cotton Clothing: Opt for breathable cotton clothing to minimize sweat accumulation.
  • Bathe After Workouts: Shower immediately after exercising to remove sweat and prevent yeast overgrowth.
  • Ironed Clothes and Towels: Iron clothes and towels. This will kill microorganisms and reduce sweat production.

Medical Treatments

Due to a variety of treatments available, it is essential to consult a dermatologist for advice on treatments. Some medications are only available with a prescription and the treatment option should be chosen by a medical professional.

  • Topical Antifungals: The most effective treatments often include topical antifungals such as ketoconazole shampoo. Use this as body wash after the shower to kill the yeast.
  • Oral Antifungals: In more severe or persistent cases, a dermatologist may prescribe oral antifungal medications such as fluconazole or itraconazole.
  • Salicylic Acid: These medications can help to keep pores clear to prevent clogging.

Important Considerations

It's important to be aware of certain factors when treating fungal acne to ensure effectiveness and prevent recurrence. As previously mentioned, it is important not to self-treat, and to visit a Dermatologist for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Differentiating from Traditional Acne

Fungal Acne needs to be differentiated from traditional acne. Antibiotics, as mentioned above may make the problem worse. If your acne is not responding to medication, speak to your dermatologist who may be able to make the correct diagnosis.

Treat The Fungal Acne First

If you are suffering from a combination of the two conditions, you should always start with addressing the yeast infection, before considering treating the acne.

Conclusion

Fungal acne, though often confused with traditional acne, requires a distinct approach to treatment. By understanding its causes, appearance, and effective management strategies, you can take control of your skin's health and achieve a clearer complexion. Always consult with a dermatologist to obtain a proper diagnosis and receive personalized treatment recommendations.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Can I use regular acne treatments for fungal acne?

No, regular acne treatments, which typically target bacteria and clogged pores, are ineffective against fungal acne and may even worsen the condition. Fungal acne requires antifungal treatments.

Q: Is fungal acne contagious?

No, fungal acne is not contagious. It results from an overgrowth of yeast that's already present on your skin. It cannot be transmitted to others.

Q: How can I prevent fungal acne?

Maintain good hygiene, wear breathable clothing, shower after exercising, and avoid oily skincare products. Addressing underlying conditions like dandruff can also help.

Q: What if I have both acne vulgaris and fungal acne?

A dermatologist can determine if you're experiencing both conditions. They may recommend treating the fungal acne first before addressing the traditional acne.

Q: How long does it take to treat fungal acne?

With appropriate treatment, fungal acne often improves within a few weeks. Persistent or severe cases may require a longer course of medication and lifestyle adjustments.

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